纳斯尔丁





Disambig gray.svg  「阿凡提」重定向至此。關於与此名称相似的其他条目，詳見「阿凡提 (消歧义)」。



17世紀的纳斯尔丁像，現收藏於托卡比皇宮博物館。


纳斯尔丁（维吾尔语：.mw-parser-output .font-ugy{font-family:"UKIJ Tuz","UKIJ Nasq","UKIJ Basma","UKIJ_Mac Basma","UKIJ Zilwa","UKIJ Esliye","UKIJ Tuz Basma","UKIJ Tuz Kitab","UKIJ Tuz Gezit","UKIJ Tuz Qara","UKIJ Tuz Qara","UKIJ Tuz Tor","UKIJ Kesme","UKIJ Kesme Tuz","UKIJ Qara","UKIJ Basma Aq","UKIJ Basma Qara","UKIJ Basma Tuz","UKIJ Putuk","UKIJ Tuz Xet","UKIJ Tom Xet","UKIJ Tuz Jurnal","UKIJ Arabic","UKIJ CJK","UKIJ Ekran","UKIJ_Mac Ekran","UKIJ Teng","UKIJ Tor","UKIJ Tuz Tom","UKIJ Mono Keng","UKIJ Mono Tar","UKIJ Nokia","UKIJ SimSun","UKIJ Yanfon","UKIJ Qolyazma","UKIJ Saet","UKIJ Nasq Zilwa","UKIJ Sulus","UKIJ Sulus Tom","UKIJ 3D","UKIJ Diwani","UKIJ Diwani Yantu","UKIJ Diwani Tom","UKIJ Esliye Tom","UKIJ Esliye Qara","UKIJ Jelliy","UKIJ Kufi","UKIJ Kufi Tar","UKIJ Kufi Uz","UKIJ Kufi Yay","UKIJ Merdane","UKIJ Ruqi","UKIJ Mejnuntal","UKIJ Junun","UKIJ Moy Qelem","UKIJ Chiwer Kesme","UKIJ Orxun-Yensey","UKIJ Elipbe","UKIJ Qolyazma Tez","UKIJ Qolyazma Tuz","UKIJ Qolyazma Yantu","UKIJ Ruqi Tuz",FZWWBBOT_Unicode,FZWWHQHTOT_Unicode,Scheherazade,Lateef,LateefGR,"Microsoft Uighur";font-feature-settings:"cv50"1}نەسىرىدىن‎，拉丁维文：Nesiridin，土耳其語：Nasreddin，阿拉伯语：نصر الدين‎，转写：Naṣr al-Dīn，直译：宗教的胜利），阿拉伯世界称朱哈（阿拉伯语：جحا‎，转写：juḥā），13世紀的土耳其人，是一位活跃在西起摩洛哥，东到新疆突厥诸民族中的传说人物，大智若愚，才辩超群。由于他才智过人，因此在不同地区的传说中往往以智者或者导师的头衔来称呼他，如那速列丁、纳斯尔丁·阿凡提、纳斯尔丁·霍加、毛拉·纳斯尔丁等。某些宗教史论，把他归入流行伊斯兰世界的‘托钵僧团’- 达尔维斯（波斯语Darvis，衍生出英语Dervish，藉此有译‘德尔维希’）旋舞修会。



生平


是否确有其人，以及此人活动地区，生卒年月俱已不可考。据一般的推测，他可能是在11世纪到14世纪之中的某段时间活跃在波斯或者安纳托利亚。今日，在土耳其的阿克謝希爾城，还有一座陵墓据称是纳西鲁丁之墓。同时，在乌兹别克斯坦的布哈拉，也有一座他的雕塑，形象是倒骑毛驴的中年男子。在巴库和大不里士，据说也发现了以他的名字撰写的游记。



故事


许多纳西鲁丁的故事都富有深意，类似于禅宗的公案，因此伊斯兰教中的神秘主义苏菲教派经常使用纳西鲁丁的故事作为案例宣讲教义。另外，亦有不少故事內容帶有低下階層向貴族或宗教領袖如巴依、阿訇挑戰的意味。


纳赛尔丁的故事在整个中东都很闻名，并且对世界文明都产生了影响。从表面上看，大部分纳赛尔丁的故事都是笑话或者幽默轶事。它们在亚洲的茶馆和商队旅馆中被无止尽的口口相传。但其固有之处在于，纳赛尔丁的故事可以有很多层次的不同理解。笑话中伴随着道德和一点潜在的神秘意识从而得以实现。


在金庸的長篇小說《書劍恩仇錄》中，亦有一小段講述陳家洛到了回部，遇到了阿凡提的故事情節。



相關作品



  • 木偶剧《阿凡提的故事》

  • 小说《发现阿凡提》（上/下）：（前苏联）索洛维耶夫·列昂尼德·瓦西里耶维奇著. 新疆青少年出版社

  • 音樂《阿凡提的傳說》雙千斤板胡與巴拉曼，士心、劉湘作曲





规范控制


  • WorldCat Identities

  • BNE: XX1281159

  • BNF: cb13180470p (data)

  • FAST: 1033126

  • GND: 11873802X

  • ISNI: 0000 0001 2135 3735

  • LCCN: no2014048545

  • SUDOC: 029456894

  • VIAF: 60079818



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